Confirmation of Soil-Transmitted-Helminths Infection Prevalence by Kato-Katz Kit Diagnostic in Elementary School Children in West Martapura River Banks, South Kalimantan Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35916/thmr.v5i1.90Keywords:
Kato-Katz, school-aged children, Soil-Transmitted Helminths diagnosticAbstract
Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) infections are the most widespread neglected tropical diseases, primarily affecting morbidity in School Age Children (SAC). STH infection in SAC remains a public health problem in Martapura River Banks. Early and accurate STH detection is essential to determine an effective treatment for reducing morbidity. The Health Department recommends detecting STH infection by Kato Katz (KK) but in public health centers only by the direct method. This research objective is to confirm STH infection prevalence by Kato-Katz (KK) in elementary school children in West Martapura River Banks, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, against the direct method. The modified KK templates were developed from acrylic material. A total number of 253 children 7-12 years old in four West Martapura elementary schools were examined for STHs eggs using both microscopies modified KK against direct method by two trained laboratory technicians. STHs infection prevalence was 50 (19.76%), interpreted as low prevalence by direct and 78 (30.83%), moderate by KK. The concordance between both methods was significantly based on Cohen’s kappa (?=0.682). Even though the concordance of both methods was strong, the prevalence of STHs by modified KK was 30.08% higher than by Direct, which was only 20.33% positive. This study recommended using the KK for STHs diagnostic for prevalence measurement in low STHs infection.
References
Hotez, P. J., & Ehrenberg, J. P. Escalating the global fight against neglected tropical diseases through interventions in the Asia Pacific region. Adv. Parasitol., 2010; 72: 31–53, 2010.
Rahayu, N., Suryatinah, Y., Mellyanie, G., Juhairiyah, J., Annida, A., & Fahrizal, D. Laporan Penelitian Tahun 2019: Evaluasi Program Penanggulangan Kecacingan di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan, 2019.
Montresor, A., Mupfasoni, D., Mikhailov, A., Mwinzi, P., Lucianez, A., Jamsheed, M., Gasimov, E., Warusavithana, S., Yajima, A., & Bisoffi, Z. The global progress of soil-transmitted helminthiases control in 2020 and World Health Organization targets for 2030. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 2020; 14(8): e0008505.
Arimaswati, A., & Fridayani, F.. Identifikasi Jenis Cacing Soil Transmitted Helminth (Sth) Pada Feses Pekerja Pengangkut Sampah Kota Kendari Dengan Metode Modifikasi Harada Mori Dan Metode Modifikasi Kato Katz. Med. Respati J. Ilm. Kesehat., 2020; 15(1): 9–16.
Gunasari, L. F. V., Triana, D., & Suringgar, S. R. Accuracy of Kato-Katz versus direct examination methods for diagnosing helminthiasis using preserved stool. Ber. Kedokt. Masy., 2022; 38(1): 15–20.
Rifqoh, R., Kustiningsih, Y., & Cahyono, J. A. Development of Modified Kato Katz Kit as Laboratory Scale Prototype for Early Detection of Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STHs) Infection. Med. Lab. Technol. J., 2021; 7(2): 201–208.
WHO. Bench aids for the diagnosis of intestinal parasites. World Health Organization, 2019. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241515344. accessed on 10-07-2023
Wisetmora, A., Artchayasawat, A., Laummaunwai, P., Pitaksakulrat, O., Wattanawong, O., & Boonmars, T. Formalin-fixed Stool Improves Performance of the Kato?Katz method. 2023.
Novita, I., & Yuliana, L. Utilization of Natural Dyes Solutions and Glycerol for the Quality and Durability of Direct Wet Mount Preparations Storage in Educational Laboratories.Trop. Heal. Med. Res., 2022; 4(2): 50–57.
WHO. Prevention, and control of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis: a WHO expert committee report. World Health Organization, 2002. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-TRS-912. accessed on 10-07-2023
Sofia R. Perbandingan Akurasi Pemeriksaan Metode Direct Slide Dengan Metode Kato-Katz Pada Infeksi Kecacingan. AVERROUS J. Kedokt. dan Kesehat. Malikussaleh. 2018; 3(1): 99–111.
Kemenkes RI. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan tentang Penanggulangan Cacingan https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/111981/permenkes-no-15-tahun-2017. accessed on 10-07-2023
Majid, M. F., Kang, S. J., & Hotez, P. J. Resolving "worm wars": An extended comparison review of findings from key economics and epidemiological studies. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 2019; 13(3): e0006940.
Calvopina, M., Romero-Alvarez, D., Diaz, F., Cevallos, W., & Sugiyama, H. A comparison of the Kato-Katz technique to three other methods for diagnosing Amphimerus spp. Liver fluke infection and the prevalence of infection in Chachi Amerindians of Ecuador. PLoS One, 2018; 13(10): e0203811.
Cools, P., Vlaminck, J., Albonico, M., Ame, S., Ayana, M., José Antonio, B. P., ... & Levecke, B. Diagnostic performance of a single and duplicate Kato-Katz, Mini-FLOTAC, FECPAKG2 and qPCR for the detection and quantification of soil-transmitted helminths in three endemic countries. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2019; 13(8): e0007446.
